建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)設施因熱漲冷縮、抖(dou)動、位移、地(di)(di)(di)(di)基(ji)(ji)沉降等,時常(chang)會造成地(di)(di)(di)(di)面防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)分離、脫層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)、老(lao)舊(jiu)化、裂(lie)開而造成 地(di)(di)(di)(di)面防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)不起作(zuo)用、竄水(shui)(shui)(shui)狀(zhuang)況(kuang),易在墻面變(bian)(bian)形縫、構(gou)造瑕(xia)疵處出現(xian)滲漏水(shui)(shui)(shui)潛在風險。一般的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)能夠(gou)(gou)符合(he)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)潮(chao)(chao)需求,但非常(chang)容易造成 形變(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)特(te)殊的(de)(de)區域對建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)使用則需求更(geng)高(gao)一些(xie)。非固(gu)(gu)化型防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)能夠(gou)(gou)很好地(di)(di)(di)(di)處理(li)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)結構(gou)中像水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥混凝(ning)土特(te)殊的(de)(de)區域(如(ru)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)變(bian)(bian)形縫)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)潮(chao)(chao)及滲漏水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)恢復問題。非固(gu)(gu)化型防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)在使用的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態下持(chi)(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)黏(nian)性(xing)(xing)膏狀(zhuang)體、且有(you)塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形基(ji)(ji)本(ben)特(te)征封(feng)閉式表(biao)(biao)(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)裂(lie)縫和毛細(xi)孔(kong),適(shi)用于比較復雜的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業面;與空氣(qi)長時間觸(chu)及后不固(gu)(gu)化型,持(chi)(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)黏(nian)稠膠(jiao)狀(zhuang)的(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本(ben)特(te)征,自愈能力強(qiang)、觸(chu)及即(ji)(ji)粘(zhan)、很難剝離,在-20℃仍(reng)具(ju)備優良的(de)(de)流變(bian)(bian)性(xing)(xing)能。它能處理(li)因表(biao)(biao)(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)裂(lie)開引起傳遞(di)給(gei)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)造成的(de)(de)地(di)(di)(di)(di)面防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)斷裂(lie)、撓曲疲勞或處于高(gao)地(di)(di)(di)(di)應力的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態下的(de)(de)提(ti)前老(lao)舊(jiu)化等問題。同時,塑性(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)形性(xing)(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)粘(zhan)滯性(xing)(xing)使其能夠(gou)(gou)很好地(di)(di)(di)(di)封(feng)閉式表(biao)(biao)(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)毛細(xi)孔(kong)和裂(lie)縫,解決了地(di)(di)(di)(di)面防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)竄水(shui)(shui)(shui)難題,使防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)潮(chao)(chao)可靠性(xing)(xing)得(de)到(dao)大(da)幅度(du)提(ti)高(gao)。還能處理(li)現(xian)有(you)防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)卷材(cai)(cai)和防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)復合(he)使用時的(de)(de)相容性(xing)(xing)問題。其產品持(chi)(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)粘(zhan)滯的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)態,都沒有(you)出現(xian)涂膜(mo),即(ji)(ji)便(bian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)形變(bian)(bian),防(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)也基(ji)(ji)本(ben)上都沒有(you)地(di)(di)(di)(di)應力傳遞(di),與表(biao)(biao)(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)始終持(chi)(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)黏(nian)附(fu)性(xing)(xing),即(ji)(ji)便(bian)表(biao)(biao)(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(水(shui)(shui)(shui)泥混凝(ning)土)裂(lie)開也可以持(chi)(chi)(chi)續(xu)(xu)保持(chi)(chi)(chi)與表(biao)(biao)(biao)層(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)再黏(nian)結。并可在濕潮(chao)(chao)表(biao)(biao)(biao)面工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong),一次工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)即(ji)(ji)可達到(dao)需要(yao)厚度(du),無需養護即(ji)(ji)可進行下道工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)(gong)。
產品施工特點
目前非固化防水涂料已廣泛使用于(yu)各類工程,對其(qi)產品的施(shi)工特點已得防水行業認可(ke),產品在施(shi)工方面主要有以下特點:
(1)非固化防(fang)水涂料與各類(lei)防(fang)水卷材(包(bao)括自粘改性(xing)瀝(li)青(qing)防(fang)水卷材、高(gao)聚物改性(xing)瀝(li)青(qing)防(fang)水卷材、合成(cheng)高(gao)分子防(fang)水卷材、聚乙烯(xi)丙綸防(fang)水卷材等)有極 好的粘結(jie)效果;
(2)非固(gu)化防(fang)(fang)水涂料既可(ke)(ke)單獨做一層(ceng)涂層(ceng)防(fang)(fang)水,又可(ke)(ke)用作粘結劑(ji)粘貼(tie)防(fang)(fang)水卷(juan)材(cai)(cai),也可(ke)(ke)以與各(ge)類(lei)防(fang)(fang)水卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)(包(bao)括自粘改性瀝(li)青卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)、高(gao)聚物改性瀝(li)青防(fang)(fang)水卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)、合成高(gao)分子(zi)卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)、聚乙烯(xi)丙綸卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)等)形成復(fu)合結構防(fang)(fang)水層(ceng);
(3)非固(gu)化防水涂(tu)料(liao)與各類基(ji)層粘(zhan)結(jie)形成皮膚式防水層,徹 底杜絕了竄水現象的發生;
(4)非固(gu)化防水涂料對基層的(de)潮濕要求低,無(wu)明水即可(ke)施工。為縮(suo)短地下室防水施工工期創造了極 好的(de)有利條件;
(5)施工(gong)的多樣性及方便性。施工(gong)時熱熔以后即可(ke)機械(xie)噴涂(tu)施工(gong),也可(ke)刮(gua)涂(tu)施工(gong),且冬季或雨季均可(ke)照常(chang)進(jin)行施工(gong)作(zuo)業;
(6)也可在低溫(wen)施(shi)(shi)工(gong):噴涂(tu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)沒有限定(ding)最 低施(shi)(shi)工(gong)溫(wen)度,是一種極 好的低溫(wen)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)防(fang)水材料;
(7)對(dui)于結(jie)(jie)構(gou)變(bian)形的(de)(de)適(shi)(shi)應(ying)性(xing)。因材(cai)料(liao)本身優 異的(de)(de)延伸性(xing)、粘(zhan)結(jie)(jie)性(xing),可很好地適(shi)(shi)應(ying)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)變(bian)形,不會因結(jie)(jie)構(gou)變(bian)化而導致防水層(ceng)破(po)損。當其與卷材(cai)一起形成復(fu)合(he)(he)防水層(ceng)時,卷材(cai)層(ceng)不會受到應(ying)力作用,確保(bao)了整(zheng)個復(fu)合(he)(he)防水層(ceng)能長期保(bao)持完整(zheng)性(xing)。
產品適用范圍由于(yu)非(fei)固化防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)性能(neng)(neng)優 異、獨特,產品適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)地鐵、隧道、涵洞、堤壩、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)池、道路橋梁、廁浴(yu)間、地下工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)等建筑物或構(gou)筑物的(de)(de)非(fei)外(wai)露防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),也可(ke)(ke)(ke)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)地鐵、隧道、地下室的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)及(ji)襯層(ceng)等,以(yi)及(ji)非(fei)外(wai)露型(xing)屋面防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)維修工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)。特別(bie)適(shi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)變形大的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)部位和防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)等級(ji)要求高的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中。產品既(ji)可(ke)(ke)(ke)單獨作為一(yi)道防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng),又能(neng)(neng)與防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)卷材共同組成復合(he)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)。尤其(qi)對于(yu)不(bu)(bu)規(gui)則結構(gou)及(ji)其(qi)邊縫,可(ke)(ke)(ke)一(yi)次成型(xing),整(zheng)體(ti)無接縫,并與基底良好地粘合(he),實現整(zheng)體(ti)完 美包覆。用(yong)(yong)于(yu)注(zhu)漿(jiang)堵(du)漏維修工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中,與傳統(tong)消(xiao)極的(de)(de)維修辦(ban)法不(bu)(bu)同,該涂(tu)料(liao)(liao)能(neng)(neng)主動找到(dao)(dao)有裂縫的(de)(de)地方,修復破壞的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng),重(zhong)(zhong)建結構(gou)的(de)(de)完整(zheng)性,使原受(shou)(shou)損防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)的(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)得到(dao)(dao)恢復,是一(yi)種主動的(de)(de)防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)方法。不(bu)(bu)僅可(ke)(ke)(ke)以(yi)應用(yong)(yong)于(yu)新建防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng),也可(ke)(ke)(ke)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)修補受(shou)(shou)損防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)(注(zhu)入式防(fang)(fang)(fang)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)層(ceng)重(zhong)(zhong)生系統(tong))。
產品施工(以平屋面防(fang)水施工為例)1、施工前的技術準備
防水(shui)施(shi)工前應對圖紙進行(xing)會審,掌握細部構造及(ji)關鍵技術要求,編(bian)制防水(shui)施(shi)工方案,并經審批后方可實(shi)施(shi),實(shi)施(shi)前應向操作人(ren)員進行(xing)安全、技術交底(di)。
2、施工工藝流程
3、操作(zuo)要點
1) 基層清理。用專用工具將基層的浮(fu)漿及建筑雜(za)物清理干(gan)凈(jing)。防水(shui)層的基層應充分養護,并做到表(biao)面堅固、平整、干(gan)凈(jing),無(wu)起皮、起砂等(deng)現(xian)象,基層宜干(gan)燥不(bu)得有明水(shui)或(huo)含水(shui)率達到飽和(he)狀態。
2) 基層修補。用水(shui)泥砂漿(jiang)或摻有聚合物的水(shui)泥砂漿(jiang)對凹凸不平(ping)及(ji)松散(san)的防水(shui)層基層進行找平(ping)或密實。
3) 細部附加層施工。按設(she)計(ji)或(huo)規范要求對(dui)屋面(mian)的水(shui)落口(kou)、出屋面(mian)的管根、管口(kou)、陰(yin)陽角、天溝(gou)等部位進行附加層施工。
4) 大面(mian)涂料施工。涂(tu)料施工可根據施工現(xian)場情(qing)況(kuang)及要求(qiu)每一(yi)作業(ye)幅寬應大于卷材寬度的100mm。
5) 鋪貼卷(juan)材防水層。涂(tu)(tu)膜(mo)層施工(gong)后,隨即鋪貼卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)防水(shui)層。卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)鋪貼于(yu)已施工(gong)完成的(de)(de)防水(shui)涂(tu)(tu)料表面,要求鋪貼順直、平(ping)整、無折皺。卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)與(yu)卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)之間的(de)(de)搭(da)接(jie)方(fang)式:自(zi)粘改(gai)(gai)性瀝(li)青(qing)卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)搭(da)接(jie)采(cai)用冷(leng)粘形式、高聚物改(gai)(gai)性瀝(li)青(qing)防水(shui)卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)搭(da)接(jie)采(cai)用熱熔(rong)法處理、合成高分子卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)搭(da)接(jie)部位(wei)采(cai)用焊接(jie)形式、聚乙(yi)烯丙(bing)綸卷(juan)材(cai)(cai)的(de)(de)搭(da)接(jie)縫宜刮涂(tu)(tu)非(fei)固化橡膠瀝(li)青(qing)防水(shui)涂(tu)(tu)料粘合,并封閉(bi)嚴密。
6) 蓄(xu)水(shui)試驗(yan)。防水層(ceng)完(wan)工(gong)經自檢無(wu)質量問題(ti)后,屋面按規定進行蓄水試驗。蓄水24h或淋水4h無(wu)滲漏為合格。
7) 質量驗收。按合(he)同或設計規(gui)范組織(zhi)質量(liang)驗收。特別(bie)是檐口、天(tian)溝(gou)、檐溝(gou)、水(shui)落口、泛水(shui)、變形縫、女兒墻收頭和伸出屋面管(guan)道的防水(shui)構造,應符合(he)設計要求(qiu)。復合(he)防水(shui)層(ceng)不(bu)得(de)有滲漏和積水(shui)現象(xiang)。
8) 保(bao)護層(ceng)施工(gong)。屋(wu)面防(fang)水(shui)層質量驗收合格即(ji)可進行保護(hu)層施工。按設計要求作相應的混凝土、塊體材(cai)料(liao)或水(shui)泥砂漿保護(hu)層。